Narrowing a Topic

Associate Program Material Narrowing a Topic Example Worksheet Review the following example worksheet: |What general topic have you selected? |Education | | | | | | | |What components, or subtopics, are related to this topic? Multiple intelligences | | |Classroom management | | |Importance of higher education | | |Benefits of higher education | | |Elementary school | | |Standardized testing | | |Parental involvement | |What particular aspect of this topic interests you most? | | |Classroom management | | | | |What is your purpose or goal for writing an essay on this topic? |To explain to the reader the various methods of classroom | | |management used in the elementary-school classroom | | | | | | |What questions do you want to answer or address in the essay? |What styles of classroom management exist? | | |What effect does classroom management have on the classroom? | | | | | | | |What is your narrowed topic choice for final expository essay? Classroom manage ment in the elementary-school classroom | | | | |Is your topic still too broad for the length of the paper? |No, I think my narrowed topic would be acceptable for the length | |Explain your answer. If so, how might you narrow it further? |of the final paper. I will be able to explain the various types | | |of classroom-management styles and explain the effect that they | | |have on the classroom. | Expository Essay Topic: Option 1 Worksheet If you selected Option 1 for this assignment, complete the following worksheet: |What general topic have you selected? | | |Video gaming | |What components, or subtopics, are related to this topic? |Types of games | | |Price of games | | |Hand and eye coordination and motor skills | | |Addictiveness/time management | | |Violence related to game play | |What particular aspect of this topic interests you most? | | |Educational value of video games in children | | | | |What is your purpose or goal for writing an essay on this topic? |To inform the reader what educational benefits video games have | | |upon a child | | | | |What questions do you want to answer or address in the essay? How would a child benefit from playing video games | | | | | | | |What is your narrowed topic choice for final expository essay? | | |Is your topic still too broad for the length of the paper? | | |Explain your answer. If so, how might you narrow it further? | | | | | | | |

End of Life Ethical Issues Essay

In this workshop activity, you are required to investigate and report on ONE ethical principle as it is demonstrated in a case study situation, then review and assess the reports prepared by your fellow students.Read the case studies below and decide which ethical principles are involved in each situation: (a) describe the principle  Principle of Respect for Autonomy The Webster dictionary (2002) defines Autonomy as â€Å"personal rule of the self that is free from both controlling interferences by others and from personal limitations that prevent meaningful choice.† And in keeping with this definition we, as registered nurses, must respect the right for individuals to act intentionally, with understanding, and without controlling influences to their free will. (b) explain how it applies in the case study situation  The difficulties, and moral dilemma’s, that are encountered in making â€Å"end of life† verves â€Å"quality of life† decisions involved in situations like Edward Biltons should always be related to the principal of respect for autonomy, when the patient has competently made their own choices. The ICU nursing staff and Mr Bilton’s parents need to accept and acknowledge that Edward has made his own choices based on his own values and belief systems. As health care professionals that will experience similar situations to this, it is important to not have own morals and beliefs influence our patients’ decisions about their care. In the health care environment, an individuals’ autonomy is applied through obtaining informed consent. It could be argued that he has not formally withdrawn consent for treatment as he is unable to communicate at this stage, but his living will sets out that in the event of an accident he does not wish to be artificially kept alive should he be fully dependent and disabled . Clearly this dependence and disability is evident in the fact that despite he should regain consciousness, he will be severely neurologically impaired. (c) offer your perspective on or resolution of the dilemma. You need to rationalise your perspective using the ethical principles and practices you have researched  With this scenario, other people must afford Edward the respect he deserves, give him the means to exercise his will, and not contradict his previously made decisions pertaining to his autonomy. The principle of respect for autonomy indicates that individuals’ should be allowed to freely make their own decisions in relation to the health care they receive. We grant this freedom of autonomy to our patients when they can give their consent to, or refusal from, treatment whilst in our health care facility and this same respect for their autonomy should be afforded in situations like Edward Biltons. In this situation Edward Bilton has previously and in sound mind made a decision of his future in certain circumstances.

Regulatory Agency Paper Essay

The agencies that are in charge of monitoring health care facilities and practitioners are known as health care regulation agencies. These agencies also provide the organizations with information about changes in the industry. At the federal, state, and local level the agencies establish rules and regulations that health care organizations have to follow mandatorily. Some agencies, especially those that provide accreditation for health care professionals, require no mandatory participation. The objective of this paper is to examine one of those health care regulatory agencies; the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The audience will learn more about the history of the organization as well as responsibilities and effects of this agency on the health care industry. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was created on July 1st, 1946 under the name Communicable Disease Center in Atlanta, Georgia. The whole organization occupied one floor of a small building. The f irst goal as an organization was simple; it was to prevent malaria from spreading across the nation. As a team with this goal the CDC was armed with a budget of $10 million and less than 400 employees. The founder Dr. Joseph Mountin continued to advocate for the public and its health issues, he pushed to have the CDC extend its responsibilities to other communicable diseases. Today, the CDC is one of the major operating components of the Department of Health and Human Serves and is recognized as the nation’s premiere health promotion, prevention, and preparedness agencies. (Our History – Our Story, 2013) This agency is not just focused on the disease and prevention either; their focus goes beyond that to addressing the issues, and including mental health and cancer research. Of all the organizations on all levels of government, the center for disease control is the most widespread and effective due to the amount of responsibility and information that is relayed and provided, and the  speed in which this is done. This organization runs on all levels of government, and must provide up to date factual information at all times. With the goal to educate and raise awareness of disease, death rate, precautions, and many other public health concerns there is a huge responsibility to ensure accuracy and effectiveness on all areas. The CDC is a 24 h our job; the organization is constantly working to protect Americans from health, safety and security threats both international and local. Whether disease begins at home or abroad, acute or chronic, treatable or terminal, human error or deliberate attack the CDC fights disease and supports the community and citizens to do the same. Most recently in the news there was an instance of an Ebola outbreak in West Africa. This is not a huge concern for most of us that aren’t traveling there, or don’t have family that travels back and forth, but for the Center for Disease Control this was a huge concern. This was the largest outbreak in history, and also the first on in Africa. The threat to the US is small, but the CDC being a national organization focuses on alerting us even when the threat is elsewhere and they also help provide facts and information. With this outbreak the CDC started working with other government agencies including: the World Health Organization, and other domestic and international companies to help activate the Emergency Operations Center. This is done to help coordinate technical assistance and control activities with partners. The communication between government agencies during these times is crucial to ensure supplies, shelter, medication, and assistance is provided when needed. The Center for Disease Control has ensured to deploy teams of public health experts to West Africa and will continue to send experts to the affected countries. This is evidence of the miraculous team work that begin with the CDC. Without the technology, information, and ability to coordinate countries, and public health experts, West Africa would be suffering more struggles than what this outbreak has already caused. (2014 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa, 2014) The Center for Disease Control is one of the most major operating components of the Department of Health and Human Services. The organization uses grants and contracts to fund 85% of the costs to promote health and quality of life by preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Each year, the CDC awards approximately $7 billion in over 14,000 separate grant and contract actions, including simplified  acquisitions (CDC’s Procurement and Grants Office, 2013). Although this is a government organization, there are also state wide and county wide alerts, prevention, and management that are used to focus in on specific areas that may be affected when other areas are not. CDC’s Business Management and Accountability Activities are guided by the following principles: stewardship of public funds, continuously improving customer service and satisfaction, providing the best value for the investment, accountability through performance metrics, job satisfaction through workforce development, and searching for innovation in work processes (Business Practices, 2013). In order to remain affe ctive in a growing society based on technology, the Center for Disease Control has modified the business practices. An example of this is in order to have funding available for future threats, the organization has consolidated all 13 information technology infrastructure services, this in turn reduced operating costs of 21% ($23 Million) (Business Practices, 2013). Another way that the Center for Disease Control carries out the duty of helping manipulate the budget to prepare for any future threats or outbreaks is over the last two years the organization has conducted public-private sector competitions for various functions covering nearly 1,000 CDC staff positions resulting in saving over $40 Million through the development of the most efficient organizational proposals to carry out required functions. (Business Practices, 2013) The Center for Disease Control has a huge regulatory authority to health care. The responsibility to consolidate thousands of disease cases is hard enough, but the CDC must also remain anonymous in some areas to keep the patient’s health record information and personal information discrete, while also alerting the community of a possible disease spread. HIPAA, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, is not only followed by health care professionals, but must also be regulated with the CDC as well. H ospitals must also report to the CDC when certain cases of certain diagnoses come up, and when new threats arise as well. Together the health care professionals and the Center for Disease Control must: alert the community, respect privacy, prevent panic, and provide a solution. These goals are a huge responsibility and yet this organization has managed to provide these services steadily since 1946. The Center for Disease Control has a certification and accreditation process that ensures all information systems  made available by CDC to implement the National Program Cancer Registries, or NPCR meet or exceed the C&A accreditation standards when operated with appropriate management review. It requires ongoing security control monitoring and reaccreditations periodically or when there is a significant change to an information system or its environment. Within the accreditation process there is security certification, which when talking about the Center for Disease Control is a comprehensive evaluation of the CDC’s management, operational, and technical security controls for an information system. This documents the effectiveness of the security controls in a particular operational environment and includes recommendations for new controls to mitigate system vulnerabilities. Security certification results are used to assess risks to the system and update the systems securit y plan. (The CDC Certification†¦, 2012) In conclusion there have been facts supporting the agencies structure, and the history of how the agency became successful in the public health eye. This paper covered the organizations’ effect on health care and improvements to everyday life in multiple communities across the world, and the regulatory authority that the Center for Disease Control has in relation to health care. Although we have many agencies working together toward a common goal of better health, the Center for Disease control definitely holds a high standard of impact. With all of the regulations, accreditations, partnerships, and knowledge that the Center for Disease Control is able to manage and coordinate how did the world of health ever run without it? With these facts, and examples the role and regulation of the CDC is more clear and understood, so next time there is an outbreak in research, or in disease there will be one thing we can count on and that is that the CDC will be on the frontline ready to organize, prevent, educate, and assist in the solution. References 2014 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa. (2014, September 6). Retrieved September 8, 2014, from http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/guinea/ Business Practices. (2013). Retrieved September 8, 2014, from: http://www.cdc.gov/about/business/business.htm CDC’s Procurement and Grants Office. (2013). Retrieved September 8, 2014, from http://www.cdc.gov/about/business/funding.htm Our History – Our Story. (2013). Retrieved from: http://www.cdc.gov/about/history/index.html The CDC Certification and Accreditation (C&A) Process. (2012). Retrieved September 8, 2014, from http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/npcr/tools/security/cdcca.htm

Teaching The Human Brain Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words - 1

Teaching The Human Brain - Research Paper Example Aside from discussing the trends and breakthroughs in e-learning, this report also provided a list of advantages and disadvantages when using e-learning. Since the concept of e-learning and brain-based learning has been evolving in the academic world, this report will discuss the importance of integrating the concept of brain-based learning in e-learning, the implications of e-learning for brain-based curriculum, the rationale behind the need to restructure the school curriculum and its design, and the importance of developing and using a set of effective learning criteria within a virtual or electronic learning environment. Eventually, this report strong suggest that need to incorporate the concept of student-centric†, â€Å"formative assessment†, and â€Å"experiential learning† when assessing the students’ performance in a brain-based learning within the online learning environment. Table of Contents Executive Summary †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 2 Table of Contents †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 1. Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 Theories and Model behind the Brain Functioning †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 2. ... 13 6. Importance of Integrating the Concept of Brain-Based Learning in E-learning †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 15 7. Implications of E-learning for the Brain-Based Curriculum .†¦. 16 8. Rationale behind the Need to Restructure the School Curriculum and Its Design †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 17 9. Importance of Developing and Using a Set of Effective Learning Criteria within a Virtual or Electronic Learning Environment †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦.. 17 10. Proposed E-learning Assessment Model †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 18 11. Conclusion and Recommendation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 18 References †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦ 19 – 22 Appendix I – Neurons in the Brain †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 23 Appendix II – Summary of CNS and PNS in the Human Body †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 24 Appendix III – Summary of the Different Parts of the Brain and Its Corresponding Functions †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.. 25 Appendix IV – Summary of Five Different Memory Pathways †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.. 26 Appendix V – Strategic Ways to Consolidate Information from Short-Term Events to Long-Term Memory †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 27 Appendix VI – Scientific-based Study on Human Lung Capacity †¦.†¦. 28 Appendix VII – Napoleon’s Theorem Diagram Drawn Using an Excel Worksheet †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 29 Appendix VIII – PowerPoint Presentation on Multiplication †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 30 Appendix IX – Example of Virtual Communication Platforms †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 31 – 33 1. Introduction E-learning is defined as â€Å"the use of information and computer technologies to create learning experience†1. It simply means that electronic

Professional Development- Reflective Statement Essay

Professional Development- Reflective Statement - Essay Example tand the complex range of knowledge, skills and understanding they have and to develop and use the intellectual and emotional power within themselves to try and improve their situation†(Ghaye and Ghaye 1998). A few years ago, I had absolutely no experience when it came to the topic of childcare. Hence my previous reluctance to delve headlong into the studies pertaining to it. But over the years, situations developed that allowed me to put what I had been learning in class into practice. would never have developed the skills necessary to complete my class requirements. Eventually, I was thrust into the middle of working with children in 3 different setting which motivated me to further challenge myself to learn more about child care. The decision about what my college degree would be was now clear to myself and my family. Although I was anxious about my classes and had some jiiters about enrolling, my family members did their best to allay my fears and encourage me to succeed. Rmeinding me that I had to challenge myself in order to become the best person that I could be and ensure that I would eventually achieve all my dreams and ambitions. However, their encouragement and pep talks were being outweighted at every turn by my fear of making the wrong career decision. I needed to be reassured about my degree choice so I began to research the job market for my course. Little did I know that I was not helping myself by doing that.As Dwyer and Wynn argued; ‘Young adults are often disappointed when they do eventually enter the labour market, and experience uncertainties previously associated with the end of compulsory schooling.’ (p.334) I began to wonder if I would be wasting my time by further pursuing my degree. Afterall, I may still have made the wrong career decision and end-up with a useless degree. As usual, my family was there to support me during my time of doubt. I was reminded that the course that I decided upon was more of a calling than a lucrative

Strategic Management Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Strategic Management - Personal Statement Example In fulfilling my career goal of establishing and managing my own chain of Korean restaurant with the hope of eventually going global in profitable foreign markets, I recognize the importance of fully understanding the process of creating a strategy and implementing that strategy in a day to day basis. In line with what has been discussed in this course, I will be following the specific process in strategic management: development of a strategic vision; setting of objectives; establishment of the strategy to achieve the objectives and vision; implementation and execution of the strategy; and monitoring of developments, evaluation of performance, and making adjustments. I also believe that strategic management is also largely dependent on the company's ability to strategically respond to the challenges and opportunities in its external environment by continuously ensuring the alignment of its resources in carrying out its strategies and ensuring the effectiveness of its chosen strategy and modifying it if situation requires. Like a business organization, I believe that individuals should also take a strategic approach in managing goals and objectives. ... jective is to equip myself with the necessary knowledge and skills academically, be able to secure a start-up position in an international restaurant chain, and move up the organizational ladder while acquiring the strengths and competencies needed in my prospective post. In order to achieve this, I will be building my capability and emphasize my unique skills in order to differentiate myself from my colleagues. This will ensure that I will be getting the entry position in the international restaurant. In order to implement this strategy, I will start as early as now to identify the skills and characteristics that employers require, acquire and develop these skills, and highlight this during the recruitment process. 2. As a CEO you are going with a start-up company who wants to eventually go public. What is your analysis for figuring out what strategy you want to choose What strategy do you finally choose and what steps will you have to take to implement You first need to choose your industry (hospitality)segment. You need to give the reader a scenario that would establish some background for your company. This can be fiction or you can take segments from a real company. A start-up business which eventually hopes to go public will need to survive daunting challenges along the way. The primary concern of this firm will be the identification of opportunities which are not currently taken advantage in the market, establishing a good name in the industry, battling with the established competitors, and the creation and execution of a growth strategy. Deriving its name from the most popular Korean food, Kimchi Restaurant commences its operation last January 2006. Being a start-up Korean chain, it sets up three stores in three key locations including Seoul, Pusan, and

Assignment Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Assignment - Case Study Example Third, the company has not been keen in defending the interests of the female employees who occasionally experience sexual harassments. Such acts are perpetrated by the company’s top officials that the company values due to their performance and hence does little about such cases. The company has received several complaints from female employees regarding sexual harassments but failed to act since such behaviors are â€Å"acceptable† in some of the countries that the company functions. Nelson would have taken strict measures with regard to the unethical happenings. With regard to child labor, the company should have inspected the subsidiary company to make it clear that child labor is not tolerated. Nelson should also have ensured that the company takes care of all employees’ interests regardless of the country. Here, the company would have provided the most appropriate working solvent and take all complaints seriously. Moreover, Nelson would have also made it cl ear to all employees regardless of their positions that sexual harassments are not entertained and would be penalized. With regard to formulation of a code of ethics, Nelson should ensure that all of the reported unethical issues are addressed in the code. Such issues include rules governing child labor, employees’ health, and issues regarding sexual harassments and similar behaviors in the organization’s subsidiary companies. This would ensure that the company has a predefined culture, which takes care of all individuals’ interest. With respect to suggestions, I would suggest a code that caters for the interests of the main stakeholders and improve the reputation of the company in the face of the public and the customers. The code would also deter unethical behaviors in the

DNA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

DNA - Essay Example Production of gametes through meiosis A basic tenet of embryology is the fusion of a male and a female gamete in the process called fertilization. The gametes are haploid cells that are produced in the testes and ovaries of the father and mother, respectively. They are produced in a cell division process called meiosis. This process is special because each of the resulting daughter cells contains just half of the chromosomes of the parent cell. In effect, a child receives 50% of each of the parent’s genetic material. Briefly, it involves two major processes, Meiosis I and then II, each composed of the usual processes of (1) prophase that prepares for (2) metaphase, in which the chromosomes meet in the middle, (3) anaphase, whereby the chromosomes separate and go to two opposite ends of the dividing cell, and (4) telophase, in which the cell membranes separate to ultimately produce the daughter cells. Initially, the gonium is a diploid cell (chromosome number (n) = 46) with rep licated chromosomes in the form of sister chromatids. After Meiosis I, the daughter cells are already haploid (n = 23), because what is separated during Anaphase I are the pairings of homologous chromosomes. Each chromosome carries genes for specific traits, and each chromosome of a homologous pair thus carries an allele per trait. In contrast, during Anaphase II, the sister chromatids separate, producing haploid cells with unreplicated chromosomes. Ideally, 4 daughter cells are produced per meiosis of a –gonium, and this is what happens in the production of sperm cells. However, in the case of female gamete formation, 2 daughter cells (1 from meiosis I and 1 from meiosis II), only 1 oocyte is produced from a cycle of meiosis (Campbell and Reece, 2002). DNA replication occurs in preparation for cell division How does DNA replicate? A part of the double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) unwinds, allowing DNA polymerase and DNA ligase to get into what is known as the replication bubble. The DNA polymerase adds the complement of each nucleotide in the parent strand, completing the whole length of the strands to produce two semi-conservative dsDNA, each composed of a parent strand and a daughter strand. Eventually, these two identical dsDNA, takes the form of sister chromatids, which are separated during mitosis, the somatic cell replication. The resulting daughter cells thus get identical copies of DNA, which is an exact match to the parent cell (Campbell and Reece, 2002). DNA is the genetic code that directs all cellular function Why is it necessary for each cell to bear DNA? The DNA, housed in the nucleus, is the template to produce messenger RNA (mRNA) through a process called transcription. In this process, a transcription factor recognizes the TATA sequence 25 nucleotides upstream from the transcriptional start point. This initiates the binding of RNA polymerase II to the DNA, and binding of additional transcriptional factors, opening up the double strand to produ ce the pre-RNA strand from 5’ to 3’. The pre-mRNA then peels off from the DNA template, and it complete detaches hundreds of nucleotides after reaching the terminating AAUAAA sequence. This undergoes further

Petrarchs letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Petrarchs letter - Essay Example Some people are only interested in the type and age of the rocks on such mountains, and the type of plant and animal life in such places. Yet some see these rocks and cliff edges as another challenge they need to conquer. But there are those who speak of beyond just knowledge and conquest. Such works by Petrarch have made him to be considered as the father of renaissance and one of the earliest humanists (Clarion Journey par 1-2). Being someone that toured Europe for fun, even earning the name â€Å"the First Tourist†, he set to climb Mount Ventoux. Going against every warning not to reach the peak of the mountain and armed with a novel by St. Augustine that is believed to have fallen open on the ground exposing certain parts that led to engage in deep reflection Petrarch went ahead with his excursion. The warnings he received and the words of St. Augustine’s novel opened his mind and led him to turn to his inner soul rather than the outer world as evidenced by his words â€Å"I was completely satisfied with what I had seen of the mountain and turned my inner eye toward myself. From this hour nobody heard me say a word until we arrived at the bottom.† (Hà ¶rnqvist par. 17). This moment of awareness as he went down Mount Ventoux is considered as the beginning of renaissance. Being the father of humanism and the father of renaissance, he was the first to link Christian philosophy with classic culture. He suggested that humans were given a variety of intellectual and creative potential that can be used as preferred. These humanist philosophical ideas gave rise to the renaissance. His journey on Mount Ventoux was more for luxury rather than a necessity. His journey to the mountain is what led him to write the letter to his friend and also his confessor Dionigi Di Borgo San Sepolcro. In the letter, he states that he had been inspired by the climbing of Mount Haemus by Philip V of Macedon as

US Energy Consumption Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

US Energy Consumption - Research Paper Example Unfortunately, there has been a relatively stagnation in the number of energy resources that the US and other governments rely on. In order to ensure sustainability of the current energy resources, policies have been formulated to guide the process of exploration of the resources (Korporaal 2012). In most cases, the policies have been developed to guide the process of energy consumption to ensure that it happens with efficiency. In addition to such policies, there have been other strategies formulated to ensure that new sources of energy are made available to the country’s energy sector. The formulation of such policies has, however, attracted different opinions with some people or groups of people opposing them, either wholly or partially. The varied opinions have and continue to contribute to the status of energy consumption in the United States of America (Korporaal 2012). The current status of energy consumption in the US As stated earlier on, there has been an increasing amount of energy consumed by the US population. Specific forms of consumption have been experiencing different growths. In fact, the energy consumed by the industrial sector has experienced very little increase in the past 4 decades. However, the energy consumed in other sectors such as residential, commercial and transportation has experienced growth, in the same period, of about 8000 trillion Btu on average. According to the Energy Information Administration (EIA), there will be a general increase in energy demand in the United States in the next 20 years. This will be as a result of the dramatic shifts in people’s lifestyle. Most of the energy demand will be due to the ever-increasing need for energy to be used in the generation of power to run commercial investments and industries. In the US today, it has been found that about half of the total electricity generated is fro m the use of coal in steam engines. Coal is a fossil fuel subject to depletion in the near future. In addition to this data it has been determined that of all the green house gases emitted in the United States, 85 % of them result from activities or processes supported by the consumption of fossil fuel. This, therefore, means that a reduction in the amount of fossil fuels consumed in the country can result in reduced emission of green house gases emission (Anonymous 2012). The future of energy consumption in the United States According to forecasts done by specialists in the energy sector, the global energy demand will grow in the next 25 year to reach a value of approximately 57%. This will affect the US energy demand in some aspects because it will see it rise by about 30% within the same period. In addition, more than half of the energy used all over the world will occur in the Asian continent by the year 2030 (Katakey 2012). At this particular time the US will have experienced a bout 40% growth in the demand for electricity energy. All these forecasts and estimations indicate the importance of having efficient energy policies in place to put countries of the world, including the US, in a better position to embrace the future together with its challenges. Policies surrounding energy consumption in the US have been formulated in the direction of addressing the state of future energy consumption. The most common policies have included making legislations to guide the development and distribution of renewable energy to cater for the increasing demand, and address the fact that

How Was Alexander The Great as a Leader Research Paper

How Was Alexander The Great as a Leader - Research Paper Example Having achieved this much with such a relative short life, we cannot help but wonder, â€Å"how was Alexander the Great as a leader?† To better understand how was Alexander the Great as leader, it would be necessary to know the man. Alexander the Great in brief Alexander the Great was born in royalty. He was born of a Macedonian King Philip II and Queen Olympias. He was educated by the best teachers and was taught how to read, ride, play the lyre, fight and hunt. His best education came from Aristotle, one of the greatest philosopher of all time. The training that Alexander the Great received from Aristotle had a tremendous influence in his later conquests and it has been said that it contributed much in the success of his military conquests1 (Foster 2001, 44). Alexander the Great was also exposed early on how to lead troops in combat. At age of 17, Alexander the Great already led troops towards victory against the combined forces of Athens and Thebes. At 20, he was already ki ng when his father Philip II was assasinated by his own men. He began his conquest in 334 B.C. when he commenced a 12 year journey during which he traveled 22,000 miles and conquered modern day Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India to the Indus River2 (Team Trek Series). During this campaign, he defeated armies four to five times his size as he cross deserts and 15,000 foot peaks in freezing weather, facing incredible hardships to unite the known world under one common vision3. During these conquests, he also managed to have himself named the pharaoh of Egypt and conquered all of Asia, calling himself the â€Å"Lord of Asia†4. II. The Leadership of Alexander the Great Alexander was able to achieve this feat as a result of a combination of several characteristics that distinguished him from other leaders. In addition to being trained early to become a leader and a king, Alexander had inherent personal qualities that made him conquer all kn own world during his time. As a leader, Alexander the Great was; a. Self-confident. Perhaps even extremely but it served him well. Alexander the Great truly believed that he was a descendant of the gods (i.e. Hercules) that he thought he was invincible and this was displayed in the battlefield when he led his troops. This confidence was contagious that inspired his men to have faith in themselves which was instrumental in winning battles. This was manifested in Alexander the Great’s second confrontation with the army of Darius at the mountain pass of Issus where Darius outnumbered Alexander’s army. Out of sheer faith of Alexander’s army in him, his soldiers were able to defeat Darius army in a fierce hand to hand combat5 (Cohen 1983, 50). Alexander the Great also did not accept perceptions of his environment as limitations to be accommodated. Perceived problems were reframed into alternative problems, which were then to be solved6 (Kurke 2004, 4). As a concrete example, â€Å"any special defiance, or any reputedly impossible problem, he took as a personal challenge, and fell upon it with especial ardour. The Gordian Knot yielded when he slid the yoke sideways out of it-and revealed many rope-ends, not only two7† (Burns 1965, 140). b. Visionary. According to Kurke, â€Å"truly great leaders change the world around them. They instill in their followers a cohesive identity and clear purpose8† (2004: IX). Alexander the G

Project Management and Virtual Teams Essay Example for Free

Project Management and Virtual Teams Essay Athabasca University Abstract Due to advanced communication technologies, globalization and outsourcing most of the project management teams are based on groups of individuals called virtual teams who work across time and space using communication technologies. Members of virtual teams may be employees of same company from same country, or they can be contractors, suppliers and company employees around the globe. Managing projects using virtual teams have some advantages and disadvantages. Also several studies have been done to try to determine the factors that are positively co-related to the effectiveness of virtual teams (Schwalbe, 2011). To manage virtual teams successfully in project management, the project manager must manage these factors successfully and also minimize the impact of disadvantages. This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the virtual teams in project management and outlines the factors that are positively correlated to the success of projects based on virtual teams. The paper also outlines some of the recommendations to successfully manage the virtual team in information technology projects. Keywords Globalization, outsourcing, virtual teams, video conferencing, telecommuting, Project Management, Trust and relationship, Advantages of Virtual teams, Disadvantages of virtual team. Introduction Imagine that you are a project manager in a multinational organization and managing a project to upgrade the server operating system and your team members are from different countries with different cultures and working in different time zones. To complete the project successfully that is based on virtual teams, project manager must understand the advantages and disadvantages of managing virtual teams and factors that positively affect the team members. Today most of the project management teams are based on virtual teams whose members work across time and space using communication technologies and project managers cannot rely on previous methods of project team management where they were able to build trust between team member by social interaction, face-to-face meetings, and direct observations of fellow team member commitment. Literature Review Virtual teams do have some advantages and disadvantages. Some of the advantages outlined by Kathy Schwalbe are: 24/7 availability of workers increasing competiveness and responsiveness, lowering the cost of project as many virtual team members do not need office space and support, providing more flexibility and expertise as project managers have access to the talent around the globe and increasing the work/life balance for team members by eliminating fixed office hours and the need to travel to work. (Schwalbe, 2011). Communication and trust are the most important factors that influence the virtual team performance. Saonee Sarker and others discussed the â€Å"theoretical linkages among trust, communication, and team member performance in virtual teams†. (Sarker1, Ajuja, Sarker, Kirkeby, 2001). To prove their argument the researchers identified and tested three proposed models (additive, interaction, and mediation) describing the role of trust in its relationship. The results of the study indicated that the â€Å"mediating† model best explains how communication and trust work together to influence the performance of virtual team members. In simple words them study proves that â€Å"a communicative individual will be more likely to be trusted and will therefore be more likely to be a high performer†. (Sarker1, Ajuja, Sarker, Kirkeby, 2001) Radostina K. Purvanova reviewed experimental literature and emerging field research on virtual teams. Author compared the â€Å"results from both type of literature and found that experimental literature has largely reported negative results for virtual teams, whereas ? eld investigations and case studies of real virtual teams employed by business organizations report positive outcomes for virtual teams. According to the article although results reported by experimental versus field studies are quite different, author concludes that both literatures have revealed negative attitudes toward virtual communication media. Advantages of Virtual Teams The main advantages of virtual teams include: The biggest advantage of virtual team enjoyed by an organization is the associated cost savings. The organization can save huge expenses on real estate, office spaces, utility bills such as gas, electricity, water etc. and executive’s travel. Team members can work from anywhere and anytime of the day. They can choose the place they work based on the mood and the comfort. You can recruit people for their skills and suitability to the job. The location does not matter. There is no time and money wasted for commuting and clothing. Physical handicaps are not an issue. Another advantage is the labour laws, some organizations prefer to have virtual teams because of strict local labour laws. Since the members span the time zones, there could be different team working on the same project 24/7, so when one member sleeps there will be another one somewhere else who would start work where the former had left. This shortens the product development time as well as faster response time to demands in both global and local markets. Disadvantages of Virtual Teams Disadvantages of virtual teams include: Since team members do not frequently meet or do not meet at all, the teamwork spirit may not be present. Some people prefer to be in a physical office when working. These people will be less productive in virtual environments. To work for virtual teams, individuals need to have a lot of self-discipline. If the individual is not disciplined, he or she may be less productive. The cultural difference between the members of virtual teams gives rise to number of conflicts. For example, while an employee from one part of the world would write a straightforward email describing a bad situation; this would be perceived as impolite by a member of the team from other part of the world. This would lead to conflicts, mistrust and difficulties in fruitful collaboration which is so vital for the success of virtual team functioning. These challenges are also precipitated by the absence of non-verbal cues so intrinsic to face-to-face interactions. Many members of virtual teams are adversely affected by the lack of physical interactions. Most of the communications in virtual environment is task-oriented. In today’s society where job is an important social force for most of us because many of our workplace colleagues also constitute our close friends, this gives a not-so-good feeling of social isolation. This in turn counter-effects productivity as well as leads to stress. In the virtual environment, it is better to communicate, clarify, and confirm everything to make sure that all members have the same understanding about the task at hand. This produces of ton of paperwork and files that could quickly fill your archives. Factors that positively affect virtual teams Succession planning and promotions involving virtual team members are important factors and if managed properly, virtual team members will feel that they are receiving recognition and credit and as a result they will be satisfied and their productivity will be increased. (Leonard, 2011) Since team members are not communicating face to face, constructive team and individual feedback early and often becomes more important and if managed properly can avoid many problems before hand. Trust between team members and project leader is an important factor that can affect the performance of team members. One important way to build trust between team members is effective communication. The more they communicate with each other and with project more they build the trust. Well defined and documented team process also important which saves a lot of time for especially new team members to find answers to their questions related to policies and procedures. A team member selection and role preference is also important factor to successfully manage the virtual teams. â€Å"Dr. Meredith Belbin defined a team role as a tendency to behave, contribute and interrelate with others in a particular way. 15 It is important to select team members carefully and to form a team where all roles are covered. Each virtual team member must also understand his or her role(s) on the team. † (Schwalbe, 2011) Discussion and Conclusions Organizations such as IBM, Microsoft, Whirlpool as well as SMEs are reaping the benefits of virtual teams for some time now. It has been a well-recognized fact that virtual team is not a passing tide but it is here to stay. Virtual teams are rising in numbers nowadays and even small technology companies are now adapting virtual team practice for recruiting the best people from all over the globe and reduce the cost. As outlined in previous sections, virtual teams do have advantaged and some disadvantages as well. To benefit from advantages and to minimize the impact of disadvantages a project manager can focus on factors that positively affect the virtual team’s performance. As indicated by previous researchers, increase in trust, comfort level and communication effectiveness leads to better project success. All of the above discussed disadvantages can be overcome by following a different leadership approach, trainings, greater role clarity and effective communication strategies. Also earlier discussed factors that affect virtual teams, if managed properly can result in a successful project. In addition, the companies using virtual teams can minimize their operating costs and maximize the profit margins. Additionally, the employees working in virtual teams are at advantages when it comes to working in their own home, own time, and reduction of commuting costs. Therefore, organizations should look into setting up virtual teams for different tasks whenever possible. To reap the benefits of virtual teams in projects and minimize the impact of disadvantages virtual team managers should manage the outlined factors properly and should also follow best practices outlined in next section. Best Practices When running virtual teams, some of the best practices include: An instant messaging program can be used to create a sense of presence amongst members of the team. Chat is a good way to have side conversations during meetings to gain consensus, confirm understanding or ask questions. Quick questions can be asked through instant messenger as a substitute for popping into someone’s cubicle. Services for syncing files, bug tracking, project management, source control, web conferencing, conference calls, screen recording, usability testing and so on. A virtual phone system allows mapping of phone extensions to any phone number. Advance features allow callers to dial by name, get placed into a phone queue or get recorded answers back from a phone tree. In-person meetings are also a good option; it helps build team cohesion and trust and can help people get to know each other on a deeper level. But they are by no means critical. Bringing everyone together once a year may cost a little, but it’s still often cheaper than paying local salaries and rent, and increases the efficiency of team.

Marketing Analysis of Food Company

Marketing Analysis of Food Company 1.0 Calcium Company (CC) is a wholesale company and has long term presence plan in Auckland, New Zealand. They have invested lots of capital of launch a new product in a market. Calcium Company will be making flavored yogurt for growing kids and children. It has a unique product line which is currently in place. The company will be offering large variety of flavors. It has calcium and other vitamin and minerals in flavored yogurt. This report will look at the SWOT and PEST analysis whereby it helps to make product survive in the market. Moving on, it will go into depth the benefits of the new product in the market. In final report CC will try to launch successful product. Yummy kids will become a very trendy choice for children’s drinking milk and Calcium Company strongly believes that this will become a very meaningful and profitable investment for the future of children in our society. 1.0 Introduction CC was opened in 2006; it was making milk only and then later diversified into flavored yogurt. Since it made huge profit over the years so they decided to make the other profits. They are launching a new product in the market which is flavored yogurt. Their target market is kids 5-14 year old children. It has high content of calcium Objectives are as follows: To meet first year sales projections To grab market share within years time by 25% Plan to diversify other products in next five years time. 3.0 Situation Analysis Marketing information helps managers to make better decisions about their management such as market size and market share. 3.1 Marketing Information Pie chart 1 The above pie chart shows the market share of respective company. 3.2 SWOT Analysis Strength Healthy product Skilful labours Weakness New product Opportunities new product Threat Competitors The SWOT analysis illustrates S+T (3) and W+T (2) so the introduction of the new product is feasible. 3.3 External Environment Analysis Political and Legal factor GST Tax Income level Economic factors Insurance rate Social and Cultural factors Healthy and nutritious Technology factors Availability of resources and technology Advance technology’s Environmental factors Global warming, environmental issues. Changes in temperature can impact on many industries including dairy farming (U.K essays.com 2013). 4.0 Segmentation Strategy 4.1 Segmentation Variables It looks at the cost which is involved in launching of the new product in the competitive market. 4.2 market segment profile They are two competitors in market which is Fonterra and Goodman Fielder. At this stage they are very competitive in the market. So CC is trying to gain market share in the competitive market. 5.0 Targeting Strategy The market will target the competitors. The competitors are Fonterra and Goodman Fielder. This market looks at the age group 5-14 years old. This age group needs calcium and protein in their diet for growth. 5.1 Rational and Strategy CC will have differentiated product in the market for everyone. 6.0 Positioning The above diagram shows where yummy kids places it price which is at c. 7.0 Product The above yummy kids will attract the attention of kids because it’s so color and they name speaks. 7.1 Product Classification Existing Milk product Existing Yogurt product Calcium Fruity yogurt Iced coffee Meadow fresh 7.2 Product Line and Mix CC main product is milk which is the core base of the business later moved ahead with skim and diet milk and introducing drinking chocolate milk. CC company has a reasonable variety of product mix to present their retailers and customers also intend to introduce plain and fruity yoghurt in future. 7.3 Product Branding, Packaging and Labelling Labeling: there is bears photo on the package. It will contain the ingredients and contents on the container. 8.0 Promotion CC will have billboards, magazines and posters in dairy shops. 8.1 Objectives To attract attention of the customer s in the market. 8.2 Promotion Mix The primary objectives of the milk product yummy kids are to firmly establish CC companys brand positioning as well as development strategies to the target market. Therefore objectives of advertising the yummy kids yoghurt are; Increase awareness enlighten the importance of Protein Calcium in growing kids Provide information about the product Let the customers be aware that CC company is 100% New Zealand owned 8.3 Advertising CC will advertise their product on T.V at around children program time. 8.4 Sales Promotion It will be promoted on TV channels in order to attract the attention of the customers. 9.0 Pricing CC will allocate its price at low due it’s a new product in the market. 9.1Pricing Objectives Maximize profit Gain market share 9.2 Pricing Method Hence, the cost of each tub of yummy kids: Material$0.10 Processing cost$0.10 Labour cost$0.10 Total Cost$0.30 Profit margin $0.20 Add GST$0.10 Total cost of a tub of yogurt will be $0.70. 10.0 Distribution 10.1 Distribution channels Wholesalers will deliver the product to retailers and then customers will buy the product from the retailer. 10.2 Factors affecting distribution channel The factors which might affect could be cost of logistic department or they may not arrive on time to deliver the product. 10.3 Distribution intensity It will be distributed to count down, packnsave and other diary stores. 11.0 Control Systems 11.1 Budgeting CC company has budget set for their new product yummy kids. Company will focus on their budget to cater for the new product. Below is the sample budget of launching new product: Expenses Materials$20000 Processing cost$1500 Labour cost$15000 Fixed costs Machines$10000 12.0 ETHICS AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILTTY 1. Packaging will be biodegradable 2. Product will be thoroughly tested before introducing in the market. 13.0 Conclusion In conclusion, Calcium is added to fruity yogurt in countries which is very popular with kids. Further research was also carried out on the population of Auckland especially focusing on the kid’s population (UK.Essay.com, 2013). This report does not reveal any information of CC Company’s customers and their buying habits who live across New Zealand where yummy kids can be distributed to retails to increase market share and generate return on investment. 14.0 Reference List Statistics New Zealand. (2011). Dairy Product Manufacturing Retrieved from http://businesstoolbox.stats.govt.nz/IndustryProfilerViewProfile.aspx?ProfileID=CC131 Statistics New Zealand. (2012). National Population Estimates: June 2012 Quarter. Retrieved from http://www.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/population/estimates_and_projections/NationalPopulationEstimates_HOTPJun12qtr.aspx Thomadsen, R. (2007). Product Positioning and Competition: The Role of Location in the Fast Food Industry. Marketing Science, pp. 792-792-804. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.aut.ac.nz/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/212253097?accountid=8440

An organisation climate analysis

An organisation climate analysis In this chapter, we will describe the research background which included a clear brief of organization climate, employee engagement, problem statement, research objective, and research question and significant of the research. Research Background The Organization Climate Organization climate usually do not have a clear definition and is simply explained as a perception that every employee in an organization feels, understood and shared (Kouzes, 1993). It is weather that a particular organization is having, reflecting how its system deal with the members. This is something that is difficult to be measured because it is senses or feels of employee perception toward the organization which is cannot be evaluated using tools. The combination of the perceptions reflects the actual work place of the organization. Organization climate is important for the junior employees to observe and adapt. Their observation and perceptions are usually is the better reflection of the truth than senior employees. This is because senior employees perceptions are affected by many factors in the organization. A positive organization climate that set by the executives could be a motivation for employees, resulting effective and efficiency in productivity. Organization climate is determined by factors from both internal and external environment. Internal environment refers to the factors that affect the perception of the employees which occur within the organization and external environment factors are occur from outside the organization which is difficult to predict and control. In our study, we focus in the internal environment rather than external environment. Background of Banking Industry in Malaysia The banking industry had gone through constant transformation over years in keeping up the changing needs of economy. Service quality is one of the important elements to the industry evolved trend (Brown and Kleiner, 2010). Today, excellent service quality had become a crucial factor for a business survival in the present banking industry. This is because the service quality is directly influencing the competitive advantages and corporate profitability. Thus, the majority banks in Malaysia is ongoing their focus in improvement of their service quality. Nowadays, to achieve the prior competitive advantages in the banking industry, the banks must increasing their demand on providing a better service quality, lower interest rate for loan and greater beneficial for the customers. The banks need to embrace changing and response pro-actively in order to maintain its competitive advantage. In the past decade, Malaysia banking industry had been transformed significantly and undertaking the effort of restructuring, placing the financial sector to a new and stronger foundation (Adbullah, Andrew and Boo, 2010). It had successfully integrate many business process and redeployed the resources to support the growth of new areas, increased the flexibility of the financial institutions, resulting in new business opportunity. Besides that, the banking and insurance sector had provide employment to over 123, 000 Malaysia citizens. The service from the sector had benefits many industry development and encouraging development of small business. Such consumers lending had increase from RM 134 billion to RM 343 billion while loan disbursed to small and medium enterprise. The domestic banking institution is expanding, building their strong position in the local country. According to Abdullah et al (2010), there are several trends in Malaysia banking sector. First of all, the trend is the changes in global economy configuration. This trend illustrate the rapid expanding in economy of many developing country had created many business opportunity for global banking sectors. The raise in India, China and South East Asia economies have increase Asias global role. The increment in countries output had boost up the economy in Asia and as a collectively region, Asia contribute about 40% of global and one-fourth of the world trade. This is an open tremendous business opportunity for Malaysia as a part of this dynamic growing region. Secondly, the trend is the current industry is shaping towards the integration of economic and financial regions. The merger and acquisition of many domestic bank with foreign bank had help the domestic bank emerge into a new market, generating a better profit and help the local bank industry expand their target market. The investment among Asias economics is increasing the financial activities. These activities involved merger and acquisition which require fund as capital rising. Thus, financial institutions of the related region are becoming the primary source for them to obtain funds. Thirdly, the trend is the Asia region is moving towards financial integration in helping on the development of financial sector. Many financial institutions were restructuring, improving their financial system in order to attract the investors. The new services or strategies that launch were private equity, structured products, Islamic finance, hedge funds and etc. In developed countries such as America and Europe countries, their financial institutions are sustain fully managed by their strong government in terms of strong economic background, beneficial policies, better living standard and etc. Malaysia, unlikely the developed countries, which is a developing country is unable to gain total control over external environment, therefore Malaysia have to rely on better control in internal environment. Trends of Employee Engagement Employee engagement can be defined as the commitment that an employee has towards the organization, attracted and inspired by the works (Rudledge, 2005). Engaged employees will put their organization in the first place to be concerned, physically and emotionally willing to play their role as part of their organization or sometimes exceeding their duty call to contribute their effort (Seigts and Crim, 2006). They will evaluate every possible alternative to maximize the benefits of their company. In year 2008, Macey and Schneider presented a framework for understanding the elements of employee engagement, illustrating that conditions of the workplace have both a direct and indirect impact on engagement. However, employee engagement required a two-way relationship among employer and employees. Employer is responsible in building clear roles for employees to take part and also figured the best ways to motivate the employees to be engaged. The first way is to remove roadblock of employees to be engaged. This roadblock refers to those barriers such as lack of confidence, negative perceptions towards the company, demotivated factors and others. The second way is creating an engaged culture that beliefs and values are wired spread along the organization. The culture can be effective only when everyone is understood and agreed upon. The third way is to set a proper reward system that is allowing the employees to perceive what they will get as the return from the engagement. Reward is a best way to serve as a motivating factor. When employer getting along with employee, he or she should communicating rather than announcing or listening rather than surveying and paying attention rather than getting attention. Thus, engagement is implemented through persuading rather than enforcing. Besides employer, employees should also play their part to be engaged in organization. They have to set their mindset that they willing to contribute towards the organization without any complaints. They have to observe what reasons that made the employee to be engaged. According to Nitin, (2007), he outlined that the levels of employee engagement can be categorized into engaged, not engaged and actively disengaged. Engaged employees form a bond between themselves and the organization, driving it to move forwards. Not engaged employees satisfied in what they have contributed. Although they are unhappy with the organization but they will not complain about that. They are putting in time but not contributing passion in their work. The last is actively disengaged. They are not only unhappy but also trying to influence others perception and denied others accomplishments. These three categories reflect the current organization climate of a company. Many organization trying to seek a way to influence their employees become engaged, result in creating a positive organization climate. In the other hands, if not engaged employees do not being pay attention, they will slowly become actively disengaged which will result in negative impact of organization climate. Problem Statement Employee engagement has long been a concern of organization climate of its construct to engagement in organizational behavioural. In engagement, people employ and express themselves physically, cognitively, and emotionally during role performances. Employee engagement is very important to determine the future of the organization. Employee is a vital resource for nearly all organization and high performing employee is the organizations valuable asset. This mean when skill employee had started to leave the organization, it is an indication that the organization is in trouble. Nowadays, it is hard to having organization climate in an organization. There are few antecedent variables that will influence organizational climate toward banking industry such as leadership, communication, compensation, decision making and organization design. Based on the study, it revealed that older workers ages between 55 years old to 64 years old have been more loyal to their employers with a median of 9.3 years, while workers ages 25 to 34 have a median tenure of only 2.9 years. That means there is hardly possible to expect younger workers to spend their careers in one organization. They are more likely to resign in the particular organization if th ey get a better and attractive offer in other organization (Taylor, 2006). There is no one will sacrifice and perspiration in one organization without compensation, however, there is a complementary executive compensation strategy that employers should pursue, and it usually involves cash bonuses, stock awards, and deferred compensation plans. Any or all of these may be refined in a manner which are better positions the employer to seek judicial enforcement of loyalty covenants and provides for benefit forfeitures and claw-backs when disloyalty prevails. The lack of awareness regarding significant of employee commitment has caused the high turnover and uncomfortable among the employees. As you can see, some banks which are making huge profits and which have introduced performance appraisal systems do not give any rewards to the lowest category of workers whereas in the higher category they continue to give them huge bonuses (Solomon, 2010). As a result,  National Union of Bank Employees (NUBE) members began to wearing of protest badges and slogans demanding a 30% pay increase. So, there is very hard to keep employee loyalty since there are some indistinct factors that influence the loyalty of employee. Nowadays, perhaps that the importance of employee engagement has been overlooked by the banking industry and the industry is more emphasize on looking the new employees and not retain the existing skill employees. However, the replacement can actually cost a company anywhere from 35% to 50% of an hourly workers salary. Based on the research run by loyalty research centre, for a technical or professional worker, the cost can go as high as 125% of that workers salary. According to the loyalty research centre, most of the managers do not realize that how expensive to lose a good worker, those who do their jobs well and productive. For anything less than a loyal, productive worker will cost a company; which is why performance goal setting and review are so important for weeding out the bad ones; or for providing additional training and support to those who can be developed or rehabilitated. Employee turnover is extremely costly to companies with large numbers of employees. In the banking industry, employee turnover can also mean the loss of valuable customer relationships. Hence, it is good to keep the employee rather than recruit new employee. Employee engagement is growing as more important construct, driving and influencing important factors of a business. On the other words, whether the business able to survive in the market is affecting by the employee engagement. Unfortunately, many companies struggle with measuring and improving engagement levels in their organization. Therefore, it is important for companies to have a strong understanding of engagement in order for them to be successful in improving the level of engagement. This study will look at best practices that companies can use to measure and use engagement data as their advantages. Overall, the purpose of this study is to find out where the lacuna is and to try and find what corrective measures can be taken to reserve this undesirable trend. The engagement levels of the entry level employees were observed. Besides that, various factors considered, and thereafter the attempt to address the problem of reducing the turnover level was undertaken. Research Objectives General Objective The primary objective of this study is to examine the relationship of organization climate towards employee engagement in banking industry. Specific Objective To examine the impact and relationship of organization climate which are the leadership, communication, compensation, decision making and organization design towards employee engagement. Research Questions Answer all these question will give more understanding of the dimensions in organizational climate underlying the foundation of employee engagement in banking industry. Does the leadership significantly effect on employee engagement? Does the communication significantly effect on employee engagement? Does the compensation significantly effect on employee engagement? Does the decision making significantly effect on employee engagement? Does the organization design significantly effect on employee engagement? Does the organization climate associate with employee engagement? Hypotheses of the Study H1: There is significant positive relationship between leadership and employee engagement. H2: There is significant positive relationship between communication and employee engagement. H3: There is significant positive relationship between compensation and employee engagement. H4: There is significant positive relationship between decision making and employee engagement. H5: There is significant positive relationship between organizational design and employee engagement. H6: There is significant positive relationship between organizational climate and employee engagement Significance of the Study The main importance and contribution of this research is to improve the awareness and knowledge about employee engagement in private corporate, which is commercial bank. First, this research enables banks allocate in Malaysia to further study on employee engagement with factors that will lead to the loyalty of their employees. By conducting this research, it will recommend the banks effective ways of employee engagement in banking industry. Organizational performance and retention can have a greater impact on an organizations profitability. Therefore, the managers of the particular banks will find out what resources and benefits are most desired by employees and lead to satisfaction and loyalty in that organization by considering on the five dimensions of organization climate of this research and hence make the employer to retain the talented employees. There is hardly possible for corporate researcher to do such study on organizational climate and its influence towards employee engagement in banking industry, so we decided to do such research in order to help the corporate researchers and higher education institution to have better understanding on it as well as serve as a base for the future research towards banking industry. Other than banking industry, it also helps to improve higher education institution interests and concern in employee engagement in other industry. Then, our research studied on employee engagement is also very significant for government that who act as a policy maker. It enables government to uses the research to as the guidelines to amend the policy if necessary to enhance the employee engagement in the banking industry. For example, the current compensation benefit is likely unfair to the employee. Therefore, the government could amend the current policy to be more better, which that the employee will feel more satisfy to it. Chapter Layout This paper is organized into 5 chapters namely introduction, literature review, research methodology, data analysis and discussions, conclusion and implication. Chapter 1: Introduction In this chapter, we will explain the background of our study and clarify the research problems. Then, we will outline our research objectives and questions that to be answer by our result of research. The significant of study explain who will be benefit after reading our project. Chapter 2: Literature Review This chapter aims to review the critical points of published and unpublished information on the basis of secondary data on the topic. A summary is a recap of the important information of the source in a clear and logical manner. The aid of theoretical framework and theoretical model will be discuss in this chapter, enables a more understandable problem in this research. Chapter 3: Methodology This chapter encompasses the process of data gathering procedures. This chapter also will discuss the sampling design, data collection methods, sampling design, operational definitions of constructs, measurements scales, and method of data analysis. Chapter 4: Data Analysis This chapter provides the understanding on how data is being analyzed and how the survey data relate to the research questions. This chapter provides the analysis of the related hypotheses. Chapter 5: Discussions, Conclusion and Implication This chapter provides the linkage of all chapters. Also there will be discussions, conclusion and implication of this study. This chapter also will cover the statistical analysis, discussion and limitation of the study. Finally, recommendations and conclusion will be done for the whole research project. 1.8 Conclusion In first chapter, we introduce our topic starting with research background, developed our research problem statements, objectives of our study and also the research question. From the information gathered, we developed the hypothesis of our study.

Bruce Stovel’s A Contrariety of Emotion’: Jane Austen’s Ambivalent Lovers in Pride and Prejudice :: Pride Prejudice

Bruce Stovel’s A Contrariety of Emotion’: Jane Austen’s Ambivalent Lovers in Pride and Prejudice The hero and heroine in Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice forever intrigue critics, and in Bruce Stovel’s essay, they are once again analyzed. Thoroughly researched and imaginative in scope, Stovel’s â€Å" ‘A Contrariety of Emotion’: Jane Austen’s Ambivalent Lovers in Pride and Prejudice† presents a novel interpretation of Elizabeth and Darcy’s relationship. Stovel believes that the lovers’ relationship is neither love-at-first-sight nor hate-at-first-sight. Instead, he firmly believes that since Pride and Prejudice is comic, it has a â€Å"both/and rather than an either/or vision† (28). Drawing the definition of â€Å"ambivalence† from the Oxford English Dictionary, Stovel clarifies that what Elizabeth and Darcy feel toward each other is ambivalence – â€Å"the coexistence in one person of the emotional attitudes of love and hate, or other opposite feelings, towards the same object or situation† (27). Sandwiching his analyses of the ambivalent lovers between his deliberations on Austen’s intentions and other critics’ inductions, Stovel is able to lodge his essay in a broad, meaningful context. However, this strength of Stovel’s essay is also a flaw, because as Stovel spews forth a list of what other critics think, the reader is left to wonder what Stovel himself thinks. When Stovel finally reveals his opinions, he speaks of â€Å"moral patterns† and â€Å"psychological states† as being ambivalent characteristics of Elizabeth (28). Although Stovel’s idea has great potential for expansion, he fails at explaining this concept clearly. It is difficult to grasp the connection between the â€Å"moral† engagement of Elizabeth in â€Å"protecting herself from her own sharp intelligence† and her being â€Å"humiliated by Charlotte’s defection† (29). After all, Elizabeth prides herself on being a â€Å"studier of charact er† (Austen, 38) and she is shocked at – not â€Å"humiliated by† – Charlotte’s marriage to Mr. Collins. Elizabeth cannot believe her friend’s defection, because she has previously told Charlotte that it is unsound to believe â€Å"it is better to know as little as possible of the defects of the person with whom you are to pass your life† (Austen, 21). Stovel states that Elizabeth’s â€Å"psychological predicament† is being unable to think well of others (Stovel, 29). This is untrue, because Elizabeth admires her sister Jane for thinking well of everyone, and she â€Å"could easily forgive [Darcy’s] pride, if he had not mortified [hers]† (Austen, 19). In short, Stovel is correct in uncovering the contrarieties of Elizabeth’s thoughts and emotions, but he does so with some poor examples from Austen’s text.

Bharata Natyam Essay -- Indian Dance Culture Essays

Bharata Natyam Didactic stories are more influential and prevalent in society than people realize. The story of Christ’s birth keeps the world celebrating His birth every year on Dec. 25th. Attention-grabbing stories written about certain celebrities in tabloid newspapers often draw a huge following. But interesting stories like these are not just communicated orally or by paper. In a form of classical Indian dance called Bharata Natyam, performers can convey beliefs, legends, and ideas through movements, gestures, and expressions put to song. Bharata Natyam is an alternative form of storytelling, which conveys similar and important ideas to that which students concentrate on when studying literature of the world. These ideas are particularly evident in the dance, â€Å"Shabda (Khanda Muruga)†. Bharata Natyam originated in a manuscript called the Natya Shastra. This manuscript was written by Sage Bharata around 4000 B.C. This dance form was first conceived in order to express one’s energy and emotions and is one of the oldest of the eight other forms of classical Indian dance. Above all other purposes, it is a form of religious expression or prayer, which also incorporates another important form of storytelling. Bharata Natyam was initially performed in temples by women who were dedicated to God since birth. However, it eventually made its way to the stage and is now taught and performed worldwide. In relation to literature that most are familiar with throughout the world, Bharata Natyam fulfills all the same important purposes. It gives a sense of history and culture by the nature of the myths the performers convey. Many of the dances pay tribute to a certain god and for this reason ... ...yam. Homepage for India allied an performing arts. 25 Nov. 2002. . Bharatanatyam. Hindu Student Council at University of Michigan. 25 Nov. 2002. . Bharata-Natyam: Shiva Nataraja, the God of Dance. Bharata-Natyam: Sacred South Indian Dance by Chandikusum. 25 Nov. 2002. . Mishek, Chrysanthi. Personal Interview. 27 Nov. 2002. â€Å"Shabda (Khanda Muruga).† Rangapravesh: Classical Indian Dance Performance. Perf. Chrysanthi Mishek. 5 Aug. 2001. Shiva Nataraja: Lord of the Dance. Radiant Planet Home Page. 24 Nov. 2002. . Thirumalai, Kavita. Bharata Natyam. Rhada Ganesan’s Home Page. 24 Nov. 2002. .

Letter Of Intent :: essays research papers

Letter of Intent Dear Ms. Sweet, We are very excited to have the opportunity to work with you on this project. We are certain that this will be an enjoyable and enrichening experience for everyone involved. In order to raise money for the Parent Infant Center, we will combine all of our efforts to produce the best benefit concert that the center has ever seen. The target audience for the concert will be area high school and college students and all of the profits will go towards your scholarship fund. We have begun contacting amateur bands from the area that are willing to compete in a â€Å"Battle of the Bands†. Since the bands are made up of University students, we predict that they will attract a large audience comprised of their friends and classmates. This event will be held on the campus of the University of Pennsylvania making it easiest for students to attend. It is quite possible that we will encounter some difficulties while trying to organize this event. One difficulty could be that if we do not get enough bands to participate, we may not be able to draw a large enough crowd. If this occurs, we will broaden our spectrum and promote the event at other colleges and high schools around the area. It may also be hard to obtain an appropriate place to house the concert. We will try our best to find the most ideal venue for the concert and while we may not get our first choice, the University has many concert halls from which to choose. Ticket sales could also be a potential problem since hiring a professional ticket agency may be too much of a financial burden for our project. We will investigate the most cost efficient ticketing options and we will find innovative ways for our team to sell the tickets. We will divide into three committees: a coordinating committee, a marketing committee, and a fundraising committee. The coordinating committee will find a venue and the bands that will compete. The marketing committee will be in charge of advertising and promoting the event.

Personal Attitude Speech FAA Medication Essay

Thesis Statement: I believe all pilots should avoid any type of medications that may slow the thinking process or reaction times before they fly. Introduction I. Many common medications are known to slow the thinking process and slow reaction times. II. I believe all pilots should avoid any type of medications that may slow the thinking process or reaction times before they fly. Body I. Slowness caused by medication can have a substantial negative impact on critical times of flight. a. When encountering bad weather, an unfamiliar area, or even just an unexpected flight event, the slowness caused by some medication could be the final determining factor that causes an accident. b. When encountering these types of conditions, a pilots mind must be clear to make split second decisions. II. Pilots have a great amount of responsibility placed on them with each and every flight. a. Some pilots may have the lives of several passengers behind their every move. b. Other pilots may be flying solo, but in a mishap can still cause danger to themselves or innocent bystanders on the ground. III. The FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) has compiled a list of prohibited medications, recognizing that some medications are valid for concern. a. In 12% of all fatal accidents in General Aviation prohibited medications were found to be a contributing factor (According to analysis of data by the FAA from the past decade). b. A valid point for concern that many pilots are still using impairing medications while operating aircraft, maybe unknowingly. i. Many OTC medications have a ubiquitous presence of sedating antihistamines. Conclusion I. A safe pilot should utilize the IMSAFE (which stands for Illness, Medications, Stress, Alcohol, Fatigue, and Emotions) to ensure they are safe prior to every flight, paying particular attention to the medications part of the checklist. II. I believe all pilots should avoid any type of medications that may slow the thinking process or reaction times before they fly.

Choose one scene or incident Essay

Choose superstar scene or adventure, which seems to you to be of essential importance in the development of the play. explain its importance and outline the prominent consequences of decisions which are deliriouse or change surfacets which take place. settlement is a play which seems to me to have an accompanying of crucial importance which has striking consequences. This fortuity occurs in toy ternion, scene III, where the king Claudius is kneeling in conceit, too indictable to pray to God. This provides settlement with the key probability to put an end to his procrastination and carry off the King to judge penalise, notwithstanding critical guide does non exercise.This in coiffureion has many dramatic consequences, one of which eventually is small towns own death. From the outset, critical point has been conveyed as a fairly sensitive young adult, he is very indecisive and for much of the play, struggles mingled with his duty and his conscience. Hamlet is a thinker, and this whitethorn in concomitant, have proved to be his downfall. He finds spontaneity impossible and tortures himself with his fantasys from Act I scene V, where his find tells him of his uncles actions and begs for revenge to be sought, until the final scene, where Hamlet finally takes action.Although low and upset virtually his fathers death and his stupefys hasty marriage, Hamlet is entirely devastated by the refreshfuls that his fathers jot brings him. He was already risky at his let and dis standardizedd his new step father as he saw him to not be total for comparison with his father So splendiferous a King, that was to this Hyperion to a satyr This too shows just how high a work out he had for his father, he has obviously acquired this aspect of perfection where his father is concerned and we cannot ease feeling that this must be exaggerated.Hamlets initial reaction to the intelligence that his father was murdered was shock and so anger whic h soon dour into queasiness or so what he should do. Hamlet wishes to seek revenge, but his nature makes this difficult, it simply is not in his nature to plot and down someone in cold blood. So whilst struggling with this decision he removes himself from apprehension by misrepresent madness. During this time of thought (mostly during Act II) Hamlet becomes very depressed and moody, he likewise contemplates felo-de-se on more than one occasion To be or not to be yet cannot tackle his conscious even for a decision over this.Hamlet then, becomes tempestuous by the moving acting of a player, he finds fault in everything close himself and feels cowardly for not yet having taken any action. The only action to issue from this is another(prenominal) plan which enables him to procrastinate even further. He decides that he cannot trust this ghost in case it is in fact an evil daemon and puts on a play to find the truth through his uncles reaction. This plan works and leads to th e incident which could have changed the play entirely.Hamlet feels he cannot kill his uncle at this time, there is dramatic irony in that the reader knows that Claudius is in fact not at prayer, as he feels he cannot talk to God, so Hamlet has really been provided with the perfect chance to seek revenge for his father. Yet another reason Hamlet does not act may be the fact he was on his way to see his mother, At one time Hamlet had an improbably close relationship with his mother, maybe he views trying to convert his mother as higher in priority than pursuit revenge.Either way, Hamlet does not act and this leads to many dramatic consequences. Hamlet, then carries onto his mothers chamber, still with the rage that he felt after the confirmation of his fathers murder. He then has an in depth talk with his mother. Hearing a noise which was made by Polonius who was spying on the conversation, Hamlet strikes without thinking and kills Polonius. Hamlet was able to act here collectibl e to the lack of time or thought to allow a conscience decision, this was not a premeditated murder like the one which his fathers ghost asked of him.Hamlet could not have maybe seen the effect that his actions would have. Ophelia, whom he had once cared for, and had also greatly upset during his time of feigning madness, was driven to despair by both(prenominal) the rejection of her lover and death of her father. She firstly went mad and then died as a go away of it. She did not fully commit suicide but lost the will to hit to live. When Hamlet found out about Ophelias death he was overwhelmed with sorrow and guilt which he then turned into anger and fought with Laertes in Ophelias grave.The putting to death of Polonius also had a knock on effect with Laretes, he was already acidulous and vengeful because of his fathers murder, this was greatly heightened when he hear of his sisters death. With this wish for revenge on Hamlet, Laertes played straight into the manpower of Cla udius and became nothing more than his pawn. Laertes had a in all different nature from Hamlet in that he found no qualms in acting instantly when he hears of his fathers murder, he had one aim and that is revenge To bang his throat i the church this contrasts greatly with Hamlet as he wouldnt even kill Claudius when he venture he was at prayer.The King hatch a plan to kill Hamlet, he couldnt do this publicly as he was very popular with the subjects of Denmark. The duel scene is very dramatic and becomes the advent of the play, and this situation would never have been reached the point where practically everyone dies if Hamlet had simply use his opportunity in Act III scene III, and hadnt hesitated.

Health and Fitness on nutrition needs for body Essay

Nutrition for athletes Journal of sports science. 22(1): 39-55. (2004) Journal on Timing of Energy and Fluid Intake. The journal I read says physical physical activity increases rate of energy and fluid loss.It is the very foundation for keeping good health in apply your own rat and a foundation diet that contains nutrients, minerals and vitamins together with a total number of nuts, fruits and vegetables will do just that.Carbohydrates 7 to 8 g/kg body weight per day. Complex carbohydrates rather than sugars are preferred sources. high Protein in adult’s 1-2g/kg body weight per day. Protein in a child is 2g/kg body weight per day.The number is closely connected keyword with blood sugar control.

The more frequent the eating pattern, the lower the body fat and the higher the muscle mass. Frequent eating with smaller meals reduces the size of within day potential energy deficits and surpluses, helps to stabilize own blood glucose, and also results in much lower insulin release than calorically equivalent large meals. slight Excess weight and obesity are significantly more more common among people who consume three or fewer meals a first day than those having five or more daily eating/snacking opportunities. In general these finding all imply that the dynamics of kinetic energy intake and energy expenditure should be closely matched during the day.Foods such like cookies, pastries, ice cakes and ice cream ought to be prevented mainly since they dont contribute cost wired and due to the fat content.The same exercise select done outdoors on a hot and humid day would require even more own sweat loss to remove the excess heat because the solvent evaporation of sweat is less e fficient with high humidity.It is not uncommon good for the fluid requirements of some athletes on such days to exceed 3 liters per hour. A person gets thirsty after about 1.5 l of body water.CALCIUM your system requires calcium to old keep teeth and strong bones, and for check your nervous system to operate correctly.

My conclusion to how this journal is that fluid intake is important while exercising. Your body sweats and fluids what are needed. Timing the intake of energy and fluids to maximize their benefit in supporting athletic performance, fitness, and weight. Exercise uses energy logical and fluids which your body needs.The body requires water to live.Your diet has to be optimal in chorus both volume and quality of food, to how have the ability to replenish your energy reserves logical and also steer clear.Diet is just among the items that are clinical most crucial from failing that help someone maintain longer his health.

You may take in many minerals and vitamins if you observe a balanced diet.Unless youre being monitored by your doctor very low calorie diets of last over 800 calories shouldnt be used.Superior nutrition should be the very personal best aim of each individual alive.It is one of the most complicated regions to get useful knowledge of, because every person has how their own needs, and because there are several elements.

Entamoeba histolytica

E. olytica is a pathogenic ameba. in that location argon trophozoit vesicle stages in its spiritedness hertz. nevertheless the turn vesicle (with 4 nucl infective. men admit transmitting by m step uph. The amebae harp the colon. They calculate by binary program fission. The vesicles passout with The smell hertz of E. histolytica is vesicletrophozoite vesicle. The trophozoites whitethorn run over the enteral mole or withal liver and lung tissues by caudex dissemination and bring on diseased changes.I. Morphology. in that location be 4 distinguishable stages in its action hertz trophozoite, pre cyst, cyst, and metacyst, plainly simply the word structure of trophozoite and cyst own morphologic characteristics that entertain symptomatic value. A. ophoite sprightly draw. a. ize trophozoites metamorphose in coat from -60 micrometers in diameterb. case is by bureau of a pseudopod, which is a cytoplasmic protrusion. The characteristics of pseudop odia of Ent amoeba histolytica be (1) blanket(a) or finger-like in form (2) push up out chop-chop (3) pseudopodium initial organise with hyalin ectoplasm, thencece the gamey endoplasm flows late into pseudopodium when amoeba impress (so called amoeba movement). 4) relocation is industrial and directive c. inflamed note cells whitethorn be anchor in the endoplasm. d. Nucleus, vesicular character reference The inwardness is not macroscopical in anunvarnished standard, plainly when dye with hematoxylin, the atomic structure allow be put across. (1) atomic membrane is a smooth exactly unmistakable line.(2) off-base chromatin granules argon all right and uniformally lay on the inside essential(prenominal)inesser up of the nuclear membrane. (3) Karyosome is runty and centrally located. The characteristics of the heart and soul of E. istolytica argon reclaimable in specialization of the pathogenic amoeba from the new(prenominal) non-pathogenic species. B. cyst-Non-Motile (has no movement) shortlyer encysting, trophozoites regular recurrence up, discontinue ingesting fodder, and veil a cyst wall, gum olibanum meet a precyst, and then an puerile and suppurate cyst. a. vernal cyst world(a) in shape, 10-20 Nm in size, and consists of 1-2 meat or nuclei. b. board cysts 4 nucle. The characteristics of the cyst pith are connatural to that of the trophozoite. in like manner nuclei, there are cardinal different inclusions the animal starch vacuole and the chromatoid bodies ( interdict). twain the animal starch and chromatoid chuck outs arrest littler and small as the cyst ages, so sometimes they mountainnot be seen in the acquire cysts. The animal starch acts as a food reservoir, exclusively the position of the chromatoid hindrance is not known. When the cyst is varnished with tincture of iodine, the animal starch appears em brownish or dispirited jaundiced brown in color, but the chromatoid in tercept can not be stain and has a scratchy appearance.In iron-hematoxylin stained specimens, the chromatoid bar is rod shape with dickens locomote ends and contraband regretful in color. he glycogen vacuole has been change state during the ferment of staining, so it appears as a clear space. II. feel troll The general spirit cycle of E. hystilytica is cyst-trophozoit-cyst III. diagnosing (1) trophozoite (living) faecal trial (direct fleck with modal(prenominal) saline) for the diagnosis of amoeban dysentery. iodin must stomach prudence to a. The container must be open and shrive of erosive or alkaline. b. Trophozoites should be examined soon later they suffer been passed c. victuals specimen ardent in dress to livelihood the trophozoites activity. d. lease the cover and mucose member for interrogative. e. If Charcot-leyden crystals are present, the passel must be cautiously examinedfor the trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica ( charcot-leyden crystals whitethorn be derived from eosinophiles). (2) Cyst fecal examination (direct sully with iodine stain) for the chronic enteral amoebiosis or carriers. jejune and produce cysts of E. histolytica may be form in the organise stool.

Caribbean Economy and Haitian revolution Essay

The rotation wreck Haitis parsimoniousness because it ch all in allenged the ground as it was then. thraldom was the ticker of a prosperous transcription of merchant capitalism that profited Europe, deva realmd Africa, and propelled the involution of the Americas. free-living Haiti had hardly a(prenominal) friends. tho the dry lands powers sided with France against the self-proclaimed moody state which say it a oasis for romp knuckle downs. Hemmed in by hard worker colonies, Haiti had only adept non-colonized neighbor, the thrall united States which refused to s constantlyalise Haitis independence for decades.The Haitian whirling of 1789-1803 alter cut nonsuch Domingue, iodine of the well-nigh thriving European colonies of its day, into an case-by-case state top by fountain slaves and the posterity of slaves It produced the human beings introductory examples of sweeping liberty in a major slaveowning society, of colonial standard in a metro politan assembly, and of sufficient racial compare in a European colonisation. It occurred when the Atlantic slave throw was at its peak, and when bond epoch was an certain humans from Canada to Chile.The slave rise that amidst 1791 and 1793 set scratch off the vastly rich colony was likely the largest and restore in full successful oneness in that respect has ever been. Of all American struggles for colonial independence, the Haitian novelty snarly the superlative item of heap mobilization, and brought the greatest mark of favorable and economic change. In an age of profuse events and orb war, it seized global attention with images of prophetic demolition and of a young world in the making. The fateful Jacobins by Trinidadian expert C.L.R. pile remains, although indite in the 1930s, the trounce intromission to the subject.